Fuel-gasifier for internal-combustion engines.



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HARRY FERDI'NANMLEJISSNER., OF I/iJUSNE, SVJEILEN.V

FUERGASEIER FOR NTERNAL-COMUSTIGN ENGINES.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

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appunti@ fue@ March 1s, 1914. serial no. 825,654.

T0 al? whom 'it may concern l Bc it known that l, HARRY FERDINANnLcrsstv'nn, a citizen ot the Kingdom of Sweden. residing at Ljusne.Sweden, have invented new and useful improvements in l `uelGasiiiers forinternal-Combustion Engines, of which the iollowing is a specification.The present invention relates to internal combustion engines of the kindin which liquid fuel, especially heavy hydrocarbons, as for instancerrude naphtha, is used Aand in which the ignition of the fuel is eectedby compressing the combustion air to the teniperatm'e of ignition ot`the fuel, while the combustion of the fuel takes place in two stages,viz. on the one hand, during a prexplosicn effected in a primaryexplosion chamber at vor immediately before the beginning ot the,working stroke and serving to introduce the fuelinto the combustionchamber proper, and to spread it in the same,

and, on the other hand. during a complete combustion of the fueleffected in the said combustion chamber at the beginning of the workingstroke. rfhe invention has for its principal object to force out in areliable manner all the fuel from the primaryfexplosion chamber into thecombustion chamber-and to equalize the pressure therein. Y

The invention comprises, in the tistinstance, a rdivision of theprimaat;r explosion chamber into two compartments, one ot which islocated opposite the vfuel nozzle and communicates'with the combustionchamber through onel or more channels7 while thc other compartmentcommunicates with thel irstnamed compartment through one or morechannels, the sectional area oi which vis less than' the sectional areaof the channel or channels connecting the lirst'named compartment withthe combustion chamber.

The invention further comprises such dimensioningl of the channelsconnecting the compartments of the primary explosion chamber with' cacaother in relation to the channels connecting the primary explosion chaml'with the .cylinder or combustion chamber. that the sectional arca ofthe first' named channels relatively to the sectional ofthe, latterchannels is only of such a size that all the fuel injected into 'theouter compartment ot the. primary explosion chamber will be completelyconsumed7 even at thev highest load of the-engine, by means of the aircontained in the vsaid compartment.

The inventioncomprises, finally, the pro vision of a spraying nozzlelocated between Inder, and an improved arrangement of the channelsconnecting the compartments of the primary explosion chamber, for thepurpose of effecting a rapid equalization of the pressures in saidcompartments. y

0n the accompanying drawing Figure l shows a sectional view on an engineprovided with a primary explosion chamber arranged according to thepresent invention. Fig. Q shows, on a larger scale, a similar sectionthrough the head of the cylinder of an internal combustion engineprovided with another form of a primary explosion chamber.

Referring to the drawing, l is the Working space or combustion chamberof the lenv other or outer compartment 5 consists of the annular spacearound the sleeve 3. rlhe upper end of the sleeve 3 is placed so nearlyto ,thel fuel nozzle 2 and the upper wall of the explosion chamber thatonly a narrow slot remains between the compartments 4 and 5. liccordingto llig. l said slot- 'forms the only connection between thecompartments ot the primary explosion chamber. while according to Fig. 2said compartments are connected also by apertures G in the wall of thesleeve 3.

is shown in Fig. l, the compartment l ot' the primary e-:plosion cliamber communi- Cates direct with the cylinder chamber l, whereas,according to Fig. 2, the. sleeve 3 is provided withA a lbottom intowhich is screwed in a fuel injecting device 7 provided with straightlongitudinal channels 8 intersected'by oblique or spiral ch( nnels 9which are provided in the inner wal of the sleeve Stor the purpose ofspraying the .5G the primary explosion chamber and the c5711' fuel. Thesaid channels open into apertures 10 in the bottom of the sleeve 3,-sa1daper- 'tures being directed outwardly so that the 'fuel will be sprayedin a suitable manner in the air contained in the cylinder chamber 1.

The sectional arca of the connecting channel orv channels between thecompartments 4 and 5 ot the primary explosion chamber is less than thesectional area of'the channel or channels between the compartment 4' andthe cylinderchamber 1, as will be more particularly describedliertbelow.A i

When an engine constructed according to Fig. 1 or 2 is running, the fuelis ejected throughthe nozzle 2 immediately before the of pressure causedthereby, part of the fuel l is forced into the compartment 5, while theremaining or larger part of the fuel is forced into the cylinder chamber1 and comi pletely consumed therein. By suitable choice of thc sectionalarea of the channel or channels between the compartments 4- and 5, onemay attain that all the fuel forced into the compartment 5 is completelyconsumed in the air contained in said compartment, even if the engine isrunning at a maximum load. The apertures' shown in F ig. 2 will el'ect avery rapid equalization of the pres i sures in the two compartments 4and 5. As

soon'as the pressures in the compartment 4 and the cylinder chamber 1have been equalized, the combustion gases compressed to a high pressurein the compartment 5 .will

ow'into the compartment 4 and therefrom' into the cylinder chamber 1, atthe same time zaini-ying with them all the residues of file l ifi'bmthel compartment 4 and the various connecting channels, said residuesbeing then completely consumed in the cylinder chamber l. r

The division vof* the primary explosion chamber described above andshown on the drawing may be effected in different manners withoutdeviating from the principle of the invention.

Having now described my invention, what I claim-as new and desire' tosecure by Letters Patent is: 1. In an internal combustion engine, thecombination of a combustion chamber, a

primary explosion chamber, I and means dividing said primary explosionchamber into two compartments, said compartments being in permanent opencommunication with each otherI `nd one of them being isolated from thecombustion chamber and the other extending to and being in directkopencommunication with the combustion chamber.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination of a combustion chamber, a

primary explosionl chamber, means for in- Y troducing liquid fuel intothe latter,` and means dividing, said primary explosion chamber into twocompartments, the latter being in permanent open communication with eachother, and one of them being isolated from the combustion chamber andthe other extending to andbeing in direct open communication with thesaid fuel-introducing means and the combustion chamber.4 y

3. In an internal combustion' engine the combination of, a combustionchamber, a

primary explosion chamber, means for inopen communication with the saidcombustion chamber, vthe passages allowing the communication between thesaid two compartments of the primary explosion chamber being of smallercross sectional area than the passages allowing the communicationbetween one of said' compartments and the combustion chamber,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In an internal combustion engine the combination of a combustionchamber, a primary explosion chamber, means for introducing liquid fuelinto the latter, means dividing the latter into two compartments, andafuel spraying device between the Said' primary explosion chamber andthecombustion chamber, the compartments of the primary explosion chamberbeing` in permanent open communication with each other and one of thembeing isolated from the combustion chamber and the other being arrangedto receive fuel from the uel-introducing means and being extended toandarranged in direct open communication with the said combustion chamber,substantially as and for the purpose set forth. a

5. In an internalcombustion engine the combination of, a combustionchamber, a primary explosion chamber, a sleeve extending into the latterand dividing it into two compartments one outside and one inside vsaidsleeve, a fuel nozzle opening into the purpoee set-forth.

tion chamber,A substantiallyv as amli'ior the 6. In an internalcombustion engine the combination of, a combustion chamber, a, primaryexplosion chamber, s perforated sieeve extending into the latter andbeing formed with a perforated bottom, said sleeve dividing the primaryexplosion chamber into two compartments one outside and one inside saidsleeve and in permanent communication, a fuel nozzie opening` into theinside compartment, and a body inserteii in said sleeve and. formed withlongitudinal grooves intersected by grooves formed in the wall of saidsleeve, the said grooves estabishing a direct open communication Ibetween the said inner compartment and the said combustion chamber,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention,- I havesgned myname in presence of two subscribing Witnesses. HARRY FERDINAND LEISSNER.Witnesses:

JOHN DELMAR, GERHARD NORDSTRAND.

